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CO
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COGNITIVE ABILITIES
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COURSE OUTCOMES
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CO1
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REMEMBERING
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Recall classification, habit & habitat of non-chordates (Sepia,
Asterias, larvae, Brachiopoda); recall types of carbohydrates,
proteins, DNA, RNA; recall cytological tools (TEM, SEM, PAGE,
karyotyping) and biotechniques (PCR, blotting, tissue culture).
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CO2
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UNDERSTANDING
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Explain morphology & anatomy of Sepia & Asterias, explain shell,
foot, torsion; explain plasma membrane (Fluid Mosaic Model &
junctions); explain biological significance of biomolecules; describe
DNA replication, transcription, translation, and molecular techniques.
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Demonstrate practical skills: detection & estimation of
carbohydrates/proteins, centrifugation, chromatography, mitotic
squash, karyotype preparation; construct atomic models of
biomolecules; apply standard curves in colorimetry.
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Differentiate structural features (shells, feet, larvae, junctions, protein
bonds, DNA types); compare functional anatomy across non-
chordates; interpret karyotype abnormalities; analyze results from
biochemical tests.
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Assess evolutionary & functional adaptations (torsion-detorsion,
reproductive strategies,); evaluate roles of bonds in protein stability;
evaluate significance of PCR, DNA fingerprinting in biology &
society; critically assess membrane functions in communication &
transport.
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Construct atomic models of carbohydrates, proteins, peptides; design
basic experiments on cell differentiation; create integrative
diagrams/models of DNA replication and protein synthesis.
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